Tag: books

  • Terminology & Speech Patterns:  Wolves – Wild Horses – Cattle

    Article by
    John Cox, M.A. C/M

    “Throughout our history in America, we have become the, shall I not mix-terms, victims of people’s mis-use of terminology-patterns. . . Or, our speech and terms we impose upon others. Speech patterns are nothing more than sounds we have accepted to communicate, over the past, from approximately 5,000 years ago. These patterns developed when we learned to form words, from alphabets designed from animal-drawings, and sounds (Nature); thereby, connecting them creatively with other patterns and lines found in Nature. We then intermixed these elements into language.

    The sounds we use are not worldwide, so no necessity to assume superiority exists, as each system of communication varies throughout the world, of sounds, chirps, clicks of the tongue, of smacking of the lips, or growls and grunts, et al.; which were, around much longer, than our English Language. To each tribal circumstance, speech patterns vary widely. Then formally formatted into structural verse, or the written language.

    Aristotle did not discover our written language, but he created the first formal system of logic, and pioneered structural rules for speech, meaning, and propositions. He had no idea at that time, doing something “good”, could eventually evolve into something with a diversity of use, positive, and, unfortunately, negative.

    Communicate, yes, and purvey ideas and ideologies, as well as discuss potentials for life itself, and just plain-ol’ get along with others, for understanding and perspectives. But there developed a negative-side, used by people that would, and did to this day, use it to pander, manipulate, develop confrontation & hatred, start wars, misuse terms, et al. Yes, extreme humane-traits, indeed, and why Ethics and Morality, Aristotle’s answer to the language itself and how to perhaps use it properly, as he observed at the same time, terminology of words being misused.

    The question does arise, what does Wolves or Wild Horses, have to do with all of this? A lot, quite frankly. We observe today such terms as Re-Wilding, Indigenous, Nonindigenous, Conservation, Necessity, Reasoning, Tradition, Heritage, among many others, or such terms as Rural & Urban Divide, being used to convey many different approaches toward Nature.

    Aristotle viewed written language as secondary symbols for spoken words, which in turn symbolize mental experiences; thereby, we perceive particular terms to mean more than others, i.e. non-franchised terms so to speak weaker in context, in order to develop a pattern, as one to carry more weight or power over other terms of lesser value. And use deductively, for formal and deductive reasoning and symbols, e.g. the use of “And”, at the start of a sentence, or “misuse” as some suppose, in regard to grammar, draws attention, then turns subordinate to the thought purveyed. . .

    Many authors use it, Fitzgerald, et al., as the English Grammar snobs’ heads spin, in disgust LOL. Yet, starting a sentence with “And” is completely grammatically correct, despite a widespread myth to the contrary. While some people were taught in school that beginning a sentence with a coordinating conjunction is an error, Aristotle actually addressed the importance of “correctness” (or hellenismos) in his work Rhetoric, focusing on clarity and appropriate style, rather than the use of rigid, or arbitrary rules.

    When we use language in an arbitrary manner, we find confusion. Hunters and Trappers and Ranchers that, for example, over-kill Wildlife in America, and add to the problem for our Natural Habitats, in particular in Wilderness Areas, and is without a doubt outright-destructive. Through this misuse of terminology, we find hatred and severe animosity toward those who do not assume, nor, believe for one second, that Hunters and Trappers or Ranchers are Conservationists.

    Too much evidence to show us conflicts in the term exists. Distractions arise, and soon we discover innuendo, and lies that develop into just how obscure the term “Conservation” has become, or how menial, and has developed into a “distraction” rather than something helpful to our standards of Natural Resources and Wilderness Management Paradigms. Time is wasted on attempts to adapt, confusion toward the term explodes, and the debate then become not of “Conservation” but what we have to sacrifice for Hunters, Trappers, and Ranchers (using our Public Lands for more definable terminology) to even exist. We can also, reasonably I might add, and knowledgeably, combine this with the Wild Horse Conflict – same reasoning, same altercation in meaning, and similar sacrifices, merely cloaked as Over-Population Fears, or extended lies of destruction done by Wolves and/or Wild Horses.

    The fact is, terminology and how we adjust it, especially when speaking about our Wildlife and how it conflicts with industry, or creates this supposed Rural – Urban Divide, panders to nothing more than mis-use of terminology, brought about by fear, yes, but also by many outright lies. The lies expansive. The extensive fabrication and exaggeration of how destructive Wild Horses and Wolves are, when compared to the truth about how destructive Ranching, Hunting, and Trapping really are, in reality, currently.” — John Cox, M.A. C/M

  • Bigotry/Bias Toward Wildlife is A Mental Disorder

    By John Cox, M.A. C/M

    Extremely rigid, delusional, or hateful bigotry (often cloaked as Heritage or cultural rights), social or within the Wildlife & Animal (i.e. abuse, killing for sport, et al.) can act as a symptom of serious mental dysfunctions. Paranoid personality disorder or psychotic disorders, involving projections of fear onto others, as we see in Northern California with Wolves (now among other areas as well), or in Nevada with Wild Horses, among other examples.

    While not classified as a mental illness itself, pathologically extreme bigotry is increasingly recognized as a dangerous, reality-impaired symptom. 

    • Delusional Disorder: Extreme racism or prejudice or hatred / fear toward Wild Horses & Wolves, Apex Predators, et al., can function as a delusional symptom, characterized by fixed, false beliefs impervious to reality.
    • Psychotic Disorders: Hateful behaviors can be symptoms of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
    • Projection and Paranoia: Bigots may project their own unacceptable behaviors and internal fears onto minority groups, or into Wildlife / Apex Predators (falsely challenging them in absentia) a known feature of mental dysfunction.
    • Impact on Health: Exposure to bigotry, bias, and discrimination is a well-established cause of trauma, leading to psychiatric conditions like PTSD, anxiety, and depression. 

    Clinical Perspectives

    • Mental Health Issue: Experts note that racism / speciesism causes trauma. Some argue that extreme racism / speciesism should be recognized by the American Psychiatric Association as a delusional symptom of a mental health problem, as it poses a danger to others.
    • Pathological Bias: Studies on Pathological Bias examine how extreme, irrational prejudices fit into established psychiatric frameworks.
    • Treatment Limitations: While severe bigotry is a symptom of dysfunction, it is often tied to deeply held beliefs, making it difficult to treat. 

    Consequences of Bigotry and Bias

    • Mental Dysfunction: Individuals with these issues often have serious social dysfunction, including impaired abilities to maintain relationships and employment.
    • Increased Danger: Persons with such psychopathology can become a danger to themselves and others, particularly when delusions lead to violent acts.
    • Societal Impact: Hateful ideologies and actions are rapidly spread through social media, requiring proactive strategies for developing emotional awareness and reducing prejudice.